SALAPARNI (Root)
Salaparni consists of dried root of Desmodium gangeticum DC. (Fam. Fabacem), a nearly erect under shrub, 0.6 -1.2 m high, growing wild almost throughout India in the plains and Western Ghats, and upto 1500 m in the north upto Sikkim.
SYNONYMS
Sansk : Sthira, Vidarigandha, Amsumati
Assam : —
Beng : Salparni
Eng : —
Guj : Salwan
Hindi : Sarivan, Salaparni
Kan : Murelchonne
Kash : —
Mal : Moovila
Mar : Salparni, Salwan
Ori : Saloporni
Punj : Shalpurni
Tam : Moovilai
Tel : Kolakuponna. Nakkotokaponna, Kolaponna
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Tap root, poorly developed, but lateral roots 15-30 cm long, and 0.1-0.8 cm thick, uniformly cylindrical with a number of branches; surface smooth bearing a number of transverse, light brown lenticels, bacterial nodules frequently present; light yellow; fracture fibrous; odour not characteristic; taste, sweetish and mucilaginous.
b) Microscopic
Mature root shows cork, 3-7 layers of thin-walled, tangentially elongated cells, having a few prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate; cork cambium single layered; secondary cortex 4-10 layers of thin-walled, tangentially elongated cells having a few isolated cortical fibres; secondary phloem composed of parenchyma, sieve tubes, companion cells and fibres, traversed by phloem rays; sieve tubes collapsed in outer region, but intact in inner region; phloem fibres slightly elongated, lignified; phloem rays uni to multiseriate, 1-4 cells wide and 4-15 cells high; outer phloem region having occasionally prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate; cambium 2-3 layers; secondary xylem having 1-2 growth rings, consisting of vessels, tracheids, xylem parenchyma, and xylem fibres, traversed by xylem rays; vessels, lignified, large, narrow, with both reticulate thickening or bordered pits; xylem parenchyma with rectangular or slightly elongated cells, resembling those of phloem parenchyma in shape but larger in size and xylem fibres resemble those of phloem fibres in shape but larger in size; xylem rays thickwalled possessing simple pits, 1-5 cells wide and 4-12 cells high; simple, round to oval starch grains measuring 7-25 n in dia. and prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate present in secondary phloem and secondary xylem.
Powder -Light brown; shows fragments of rectangular cork cells, vessels having reticulate thickening and bordered pits, xylem fibres, ray cells, prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate and simple round to oval starch grains, measuring 7-25 n in dia.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 6 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 6 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Chloroform :
Methanol (9: 1) shows under UV (366 nm) three fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.40, 0.85 and 0.96 (all blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour three spots appear at Rf. 0.40, 0.85 and 0.96 (all yellow).
CONSTITUENTS – Alkaloids.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Tikta
Guna : Guru
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Balya, Tridosahara, Vrsya, Visahara, Angamardaprasamana, Sukhaprasavakara, Sarvadosahara, Vatadosajit, Rasayani, Bharamhara, Santapanasini
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Dasamularista, Indukanta Ghrta, Amrtaprasa Ghrta, Dasamulasatapalaka Ghrta, Dhanvantara Taila, Narayana Taila, Mahavisagarbha Taila,
Mahanarayana Taila.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Jvara, Meha, Arsa, Chardi, Sopha, Svasa, Kasahara, Krmi, Rajayaksma, Netra Roga, Hrdaya Roga, Rakta Gata Vata, Vata Ardhvabhedaka, Mudha Garbha
DOSE – 5 -10g. of the drug in powder form.
10-20 g. for decoction.
Latest Govt Job & Exam Updates: